Africa’s vulnerability to climate change calls for comprehensive action. This blog emphasizes the critical role digital financial services (DFS) play to accelerate community resilience through locally-led adaptation (LLA) initiatives in Africa. It discusses how DFS can enhance accessibility, efficiency, and transparency to manage climate finance. Read on to find out how the integration of DFS with climate finance enhances LLA efforts to support sustainable adaptation strategies in vulnerable communities.
The urgency to accelerate locally-led adaptation (LLA)
Currently, the 10 countries most vulnerable to climate change are all from Africa. Additionally, Africa’s adaptation bill increased to 5-15% of its GDP in 2022. The continent will be hit hardest by droughts, floods, and other catastrophes in a 2⁰C temperature rise scenario by 2050, which will cost up to USD 50 billion per year to adapt to. Therefore, the escalating impacts of climate change demand immediate and comprehensive action to mitigate and adapt to these effects. The urgency of LLA to accelerate climate resilience cannot be overstated.
LLA is crucial for climate action It empowers communities to devise and implement relevant and sustainable adaptive strategies and focuses on local knowledge, cultural context, and grassroots participation. The Global Center on Adaptation proposes eight LLA principles to enhance the design and implementation of initiatives through a community-centric approach so that these strategies can be deployed effectively.
MSC introduced the role LLA plays to enhance community resilience in a series of conversations. We looked at the value of equitable engagement and indigenous knowledge when we shed light on the role financial inclusion and local governments play to empower pastoralist communities. This blog delves into the foundational elements of how digital financial services (DFS) can accelerate community resilience within LLA frameworks. We explore areas where the integration of digital financial approaches can strengthen climate adaptation and resilience.
Why do we need digital financial services to deploy climate finance?
Climate finance is essential to drive LLA. Our earlier research on enabling and financing locally-led adaptation shed light on how finance is vital to community resilience. It has to be deployed at the required scale for community-led initiatives. Effective climate finance mechanisms for LLA require robust accountability and transparency frameworks to ensure that funds are used efficiently for their intended purposes. It also builds trust among local communities and other stakeholders, which encourages continued investment and support for adaptation initiatives.
Climate finance products for LLA initiatives include various financial instruments designed to empower and support community-based efforts to address climate change impacts at different stages of climatic shocks. Climate finance varies in typology based on the needs of an individual or community to finance their adaptation strategy. These products encompass:
The combination of these instruments with DFS provides an avenue to quickly empower communities, enhance resilience, promote inclusivity, facilitate innovation, and strengthen partnerships between climate financiers and digital financial providers. Our previous research highlights the need for devolved climate finance, also called decentralized finance, to address climate change locally and help poor people cope with its impacts. DFS is critical to enable the participation of such communities through outreach to the most vulnerable. These are some illustrations of how DFS is important to drive resilience:
Case studies: Opportunities for digital financial services in climate resilience
Africa has witnessed the fastest growth in DFS account ownership globally, from 23% in 2011 to 55% in 2021. Mobile money has particularly emerged as a vital tool that drove this impressive rise. It facilitates a wide range of transactions beyond simple person-to-person payments. These include cash transfers, merchant payments, utility bill payments, savings options, and even government-to-people services. Notably, up to 33% of Africa’s adult population own mobile money accounts. This highlights its extensive reach and diverse use cases.
DFS can provide access to financial tools, such as savings accounts, insurance, and credit, to help individuals and communities better prepare for climate-related events and respond to them. It also enables them to recover from these events. The case studies below show how DFS addresses the adaptation needs of vulnerable populations. This can happen when they prepare for climate shocks before, during, and after them.
Our recent research in Nigeria and Bangladesh draws findings fromvulnerable households’ actions when they face climatic events and the financial products they use to cope with them. The evidence shows that with climatic events’ increasingly unpredictable and frequent nature, low-income households use financial products readily available and accessible within shorter time frames.
Therefore, financial service providers should understand how low-income households in climate-stricken regions use financial services to prepare for severe weather events and recover from them. This would enable the strategic structuring of these services to reach the most vulnerable. This understanding can also inform when and where DFS, such as mobile money, work best for this population, which presents a lucrative opportunity to deploy climate finance to these households to become climate resilient.
The path toward enhanced inclusivity and financial resilience
DFS enhances inclusivity and can advance resilience for vulnerable households. Moreover, investments in green technologies through mobile money platforms transform individuals from mere victims of climate change to active participants in the combat against its effects. These platforms enable households and businesses to adopt resilient practices as they channel funds into sustainable projects and technologies that contribute to the broader fight against climate change.
This dual approach to enhance financial resilience through digital products and promote investments in community resilience creates a more robust and proactive economic environment for vulnerable populations. This signifies the potential to increase resilience in a continent where more than 110 million people faced climate-related hazards in 2022 that caused more than USD 8.5 billion in economic damages. The integration of DFS with climate financing will enhance LLA efforts through accessible, efficient, and scalable financial services, which can help vulnerable communities cope with climate events, build resilience, and enhance adaptative capabilities.
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